·  Modeling of Small World graph


A class of small world graph:
WWW web graph
    We can treet the whole WWW internet as a directed graph, if we take a web page as a node, and a hyper-link from one page to another as a directed arc from one node to another node. If we consider the "Back" function in most browsers, we can take each hyper-link as bidirectional. According a recent study of web graph, there are about 800 million nodes in this graph, the diameter of web graph is only 19! This means if you always know which link to click, you can get to whatever web page on the whole internet in no more than 19 clicks!

Erdos' Collaboration Graph
      http://www.acs.oakland.edu/~grossman/erdoshp.html

Telephone "call graph"
   The nodes of this "call graph" are telephone numbers, the edges are the calls made from one number to another number in a given time period. This is studied by AT&T Shannon Laboratories in Florham Park, New Jersey. A one-day call graph has 53,767,087 nodes and 170 million edges.[ref] It is not connected but has 3.7 million separte components, most of them are pairs of telephones that called only each other. Yet, it also has one giant component, with 80% of the total nodes, and diameter as 20. This implies that any telephone in the component can be linked to any other through a chain of no more than 20 call.

Hollywood Collaboration Graph
     http://www.cs.virginia.edu/oracle/

Nervous system of a certain worm
   The name of the worm is Caenorhabditis elegans.

Your own Accquaintance Graph


Modelling of Small World graph
Because small graphs are too huge, up to now, we can build mathmatical models that keep the same properties of a real Small World graph. Then we can use the model to generate small samples of the graph in order to further study its properties."The more basic goal is simply finding computational techniques that will not choke on a graph with 10^8 nodes."[ref]

Measures and propertities of Small World graph
Modellings:
Rewiring of Circle
Revision of 2-D Mesh


The fruit of web graph reserach:
The Google search engine.
    Among the tons of pages the search engin has found carrying the target key word,  a link analysis is done, concerning about those pages with the most in-comming links or out-going links. By this apporach, the Google search engine is more likely to give the most pertinent page than any other engines.


My work:
Study propertites of WWW web graph
Web graph has a few "building nodes". They are with very large in-degree. Just because those nodes, the diameter of web graph is small.
The web graph is growing. Study the patern of this growing.
Find different modellings of WWW graph, based on the above propertites.
Mathematically study these models.
In-degree distribution in random digraphs.([ps] ,[Presentation slides(ps)] To appear in "32nd Intl. Conference on Combinoritics, Graph Theory and Computing"
        In this paper, it is prooved that the in-degree distribution in a random di-graph is Poisson when n->infinity and expected value of in-degree is finite.
Run Simulations on small world graphs


Resources I have found for this area:
Random Graph(&random digraph):
      After it is introduced by Paul Eurdos in 1963 to prove a normal graph theory theorem, this model has been extensively studied!
Here are magazines that may have papers about this area:
Random structures and algorithms
Random graph people



Last Updated at 2/13/2001.
By Chao Gui